When using the parallel resistance formulas, R T should always be smaller than the smallest parallel resistor. In contrast to series resistors, placing a resistor in parallel with another resistor always decreases the overall resistance of the circuit. Adding a resistor in parallel opens up a new path for current to flow through, allowing more current to flow. If you think about it, the lower equivalent resistance for parallel resistors makes sense. Resistors in series, on the other hand, are equivalent to one resistor whose resistance is the sum of each individual resistor. This increase in resistance makes it more difficult for current to flow, resulting in a decrease in current through that circuit. Resistors in parallel always result in an equivalent resistance that is lower than the resistance of each individual resistor. You’ve seen that adding a resistor in series increases the overall resistance of the circuit. Don’t forget this inversion! If your answer is smaller than 1 Ω, you’ve probably forgotten to perform this operation. Notice that for N > 2, you must invert everything inside the parentheses. Formulas for combining parallel resistors are given below (where N is the number of parallel resistors). Simply write R 1||R 2||R 3 to represent the parallel configuration in Figure 7. Figure 9 contrasts the current flow in the circuits from Figure 7 and Figure 8, respectively.ĭenoting parallel components in circuit theory is similar to denoting parallel lines in geometry. In one respect, a parallel configuration is similar to a series configuration in that the current going into the beginning node is equal to the current leaving the ending node. You will learn how to work with them in Circuit Theory I.) Parallel vs. (Figures 5 and 8 are neither in series nor parallel. None of the resistors are connected at the same two nodes, meaning that voltage can vary from one resistor to the next. A parallel circuit is also known as a current divider as the current of the circuit in a parallel resistor network can travel more than one channel since there are several pathways for it. Plugging zero into Ohm’s law results in no voltage drop between parallel components, hence the voltage must be the same.įigure 8 shows a completely different configuration in which none of the resistors are in parallel. Resistors in parallel are defined as a circuit in which two or more resistors are connected parallelly to each other such that both terminals of one resistor are linked to each terminal of the other resistor or resistors. Only wires separate the three voltages in Figure 7. Recalling the definition of a node (see the KCL and KVL article), if multiple components are connected at the same two nodes, they must have the same voltage across them. Two or more components are in parallel if they are connected at the same two nodes. In contrast, parallel circuits have the same voltage across all components, but the current through them can vary. In series circuits, current is the same through all components, but the voltage across the components can vary.
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